Which document is essential for joint force planning and deployments of AEF?

The correct answer is unit type codes. Unit type codes (UTCs) are essential in the planning and execution of joint force deployments, particularly within the context of the Air Expeditionary Force (AEF) structure. UTCs provide a standardized method to describe the capabilities and requirements of units, making it easier to plan deployments and ensure that the right resources are available in the right quantities.

Through UTCs, planners can effectively match available forces with the needs of a given operation or mission. They incorporate the unit's personnel, equipment, and specific mission capabilities, which are critical for enhancing logistical support and ensuring rapid response times. This systematic classification facilitates understanding across different services and commands, ensuring a cohesive approach to joint force allocation and planning.

In contrast, the other options focus on specific aspects of military operations but do not serve the same foundational role as UTCs in the context of joint force planning and deployments. Posturing relates to the strategic placement of forces, tempo bands address the operational pace of deployments, and joint manning documents typically outline personnel assignments and roles but do not provide the comprehensive capability framework that unit type codes do.