Which network topology combines two or more different physical topologies in a single network?

The correct answer is hybrid, as a hybrid topology integrates various physical topologies within a single network architecture. This means that you can combine elements of bus, ring, star, or even other configurations to optimize performance and manage the specific needs of a network.

For example, a hybrid network may consist of several star-topology segments connected to a central bus or could have star topologies linked to a ring structure for redundancy. This flexibility allows for scalability, easier fault isolation, and tailored solutions to meet unique networking requirements, making it a popular choice in complex environments.

In contrast, bus, ring, and star topologies represent standalone configurations with specific characteristics and limitations. Bus topology uses a single central cable, making it simpler but less robust in terms of failure resilience. Ring topology has nodes arranged in a circular manner, and data travels in one direction, which can create bottlenecks and a single point of failure. Star topology connects all devices to a central hub, offering better performance and reliability but requiring more cable and central hardware. Thus, hybrid tops these single configurations by providing a more adaptable and resilient approach to network design.